Chii chinonzi LoRaWAN?

LoRaWAN iLow Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) yakatarwa inogadzirwa kune isina waya, inofambiswa nebhatiri. LoRa yakatoiswa mumamiriyoni ema sensors, maererano neLoRa-Alliance. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvikuru izvo zvinoshanda sehwaro hweiyo rondedzero ndeye bi-directional kutaurirana, kufamba uye nharaunda masevhisi.

Imwe nharaunda iyo LoRaWAN inosiyana kubva kune mamwe maratidziro etiweki ndeyekuti inoshandisa nyeredzi dhizaini, ine yepakati node uko mamwe ese manode akabatana uye magedhi anoshanda sebhiriji rakajeka rekutumira mameseji pakati pekupedzisira-zvishandiso uye yepakati network server mumashure. Magedhi akabatana kune network server kuburikidza neyakajairwa IP yekubatanidza nepo ekupedzisira-zvishandiso zvinoshandisa single-hop isina waya kutaurirana kune imwe kana akawanda gedhi. Yese yekupedzisira-yekutaurirana ndeye bi-directional, uye inotsigira multicast, ichigonesa software kukwidziridzwa pamusoro pemhepo. Sekureva kweLoRa-Alliance, iyo isiri-purofiti sangano yakagadzira LoRaWAN zvakatemwa, izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwebhatiri uye kuwana hukama hurefu.

Iyo imwe LoRa-inogonesa gedhi kana base station inogona kuvhara maguta ese kana mazana emakiromita makiromita. Ehe, huwandu hunoenderana nemhoteredzo yenzvimbo yakapihwa, asi LoRa neLoRaWAN vanoti vane bhajeti rekubatanidza, chinhu chikuru pakuona huwandu hwekutaurirana, hukuru kupfuura chero humwe hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana.

Makirasi ekupedzisira

LoRaWAN ine makirasi akati wandei akasiyana-ekupedzisira-poinzi zvishandiso kugadzirisa izvo zvakasiyana zvinodiwa zvinoratidzwa mukuwanda kwekushandisa. Maererano newebhusaiti yayo, izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Bi-directional end-midziyo (Kirasi A): Zvishandiso zveKupera zveKirasi A inobvumira kutaurirana kwe-bi-directional uko imwe neimwe yekupedzisira-mudziyo uplink transmission inoteverwa neaviri mapfupi ekudzikisa anogamuchira windows. Slot yekutumira yakarongwa nemagumo-chishandiso inobva pane zvayo yekukurukurirana zvido nekusiyana kuduku kunobva pane imwe nguva nguva (ALOHA-mhando yeprotocol). Iyi Kirasi A oparesheni ndiyo yakaderera simba yekupedzisira-mudziyo sisitimu yezvishandiso zvinongoda kudzika kwekutaura kubva kuseva nguva pfupi mushure mekupedzisira-mudziyo watumira uplink transmission. Downlink kutaurirana kubva kune server chero imwe nguva ichafanirwa kumirira kusvika inotevera yakarongwa uplink.
• Bi-directional yekupedzisira-midziyo ine yakarongwa inogashira slots (Kirasi B): Pamusoro peKirasi A yekugashira mahwindo, Zvishandiso zveKirasi B zvinovhura mahwindo ekuwedzera panguva dzakarongwa. Kuti iyo End-mudziyo uvhure hwindo rayo rekugamuchira panguva yakarongwa iyo inogamuchira nguva yakawiriraniswa Beacon kubva kugedhi. Izvi zvinobvumira sevha kuziva kana iyo yekupedzisira-mudziyo iri kuteerera.
• Bi-directional end-midziyo ine maximal kugamuchira slots (Kirasi C): Zvishandiso zvekupedzisira zveKirasi C zvinogara zvakavhurika mahwindo ekugamuchira, anongovharwa kana achitumira.